The main cause of high blood pressure (hypertension) can be categorized into two types:
- Primary (Essential) Hypertension:
- This is the most common type and has no single known cause.
- It develops gradually over time and is influenced by a complex interaction of genetic and environmental factors.
- Lifestyle habits such as unhealthy diet (high salt intake), obesity, lack of physical activity, excessive alcohol consumption, smoking, stress, and aging increase the risk.
- Genetic predisposition (family history) plays a significant role.
- Secondary Hypertension:
- This type results from an identifiable underlying medical condition or specific causes such as kidney disease, adrenal gland tumors, thyroid disorders, sleep apnea, pregnancy, or certain medications like birth control pills or decongestants.
- It can also be caused by illegal drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines.
In summary, while primary hypertension mainly arises from genetic and lifestyle factors, secondary hypertension is caused by distinct medical conditions or external factors that impact blood pressure regulation. The most common main causes for high blood pressure include obesity, genetic predisposition, high salt intake, lack of exercise, and certain health conditions or medications.
