what is the minimum distance that excavation materials, tools, and other supplies be kept back from the excavation's edge?

The minimum distance that excavation materials, tools, and other supplies must be kept back from the excavation's edge is generally at least 2 feet (0.6 meters). This distance helps prevent the excavation walls from becoming unstable due to the added weight and pressure of materials placed too close to the edge. Safety guidelines such as OSHA regulations recommend this minimum distance to reduce risks of collapse, equipment hazards, and accidents at excavation sites. Depending on site-specific factors (depth, soil type, weather), this distance may need to be increased for stability. Some guidelines suggest keeping this distance as far as possible to maintain safety.