The process of maintaining a stable internal environment within a cell is called cellular homeostasis. This involves regulating conditions such as ion concentrations, water balance, pH, temperature, and nutrient levels to keep the cell functioning optimally despite external changes
. Cellular homeostasis is achieved through various mechanisms including:
- Cell membrane regulation , which controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell via passive and active transport
- Feedback mechanisms , especially negative feedback loops, that detect changes and trigger responses to restore balance
- Metabolic processes like oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy that maintain energy and remove damaged components
In summary, cellular homeostasis is the fundamental biological process by which cells maintain a stable, balanced internal environment essential for their survival and proper function.
