what is the purpose of detergent in dna extraction

The purpose of detergent in DNA extraction is to break down the cell membrane by dissolving the lipids and proteins of the cell and disrupting the bonds that hold the cell membrane together. During a DNA extraction, the detergent causes the cell to pop open, or lyse, so that the DNA is released into solution. Detergent contains sodium laurel sulfate, which cleans dishes by removing fats and proteins, and it acts the same way in the DNA extraction protocol. The detergent separates the lipid molecules, causing the membrane to break down. The salt and detergent mixture helps create an environment where the different DNA strands can gather and clump, making it easier to see them. Salty water also helps the DNA precipitate (solidify and appear) .