The purpose of the judicial branch is to interpret laws, ensure their constitutionality, and apply them to individual cases. It serves as a check on the legislative and executive branches by reviewing laws and government actions to determine if they comply with the Constitution, a power known as judicial review established by the Supreme Court in Marbury v. Madison (1803)
. The judicial branch guarantees every person accused of wrongdoing the right to a fair trial before an impartial judge and jury
. It resolves legal disputes peacefully, protects individual rights, and enforces the rule of law by holding individuals and entities accountable
. The U.S. Supreme Court, as the highest court, plays a critical role in interpreting the Constitution, protecting civil rights and liberties, and ensuring that laws do not infringe on fundamental freedoms such as speech, religion, and due process
. The judicial branch also provides legal precedents that guide future court decisions, maintaining consistency and fairness in the application of the law
. Overall, the judicial branch upholds the rule of law, balances powers among the branches of government, and protects constitutional rights, thereby maintaining order and justice in society
