what is the thorax

The thorax is the region of the body between the abdomen inferiorly and the root of the neck superiorly. It includes the thoracic wall, which consists of superficial structures such as the breast, muscles, and skin, as well as the thoracic cavity. The thorax contains vital organs such as the heart, lungs, and thymus gland, along with various other internal structures. It is protected and supported by the rib cage, spine, and shoulder girdle. In vertebrates, the thorax contains the chief organs of respiration and circulation, including the lungs, heart, and major blood vessels. The bony framework of the human thorax consists of the 12 thoracic vertebrae, 12 pairs of ribs, and the sternum (breastbone) .