A thermal power plant is a large facility that converts heat energy into electric power. The working principle of thermal power plants involves using heat to produce high-pressure steam, which drives turbines connected to generators. The steam is generated by burning fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, or natural gas, in a boiler. The hot combustion gases are used to heat water in the boiler, which produces steam. The steam is then used to turn a turbine, which is connected to an electric generator. The generator converts the mechanical energy of the turbine into electric power.
Thermal power stations use a wide variety of fuels to create electricity based on the ability to procure them stably and economically as well as from an environmental perspective. These include liquefied natural gas (LNG) and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), which are clean energy sources containing no sulfur, along with petroleum fuels such as heavy oil, crude oil, and natural gas liquid (NGL), as well as coal. The design of thermal power stations depends on the intended energy source: fossil fuel, nuclear and geothermal power, solar energy, biofuels, and waste incineration are all used.
