Trenbolone acetate is a synthetic anabolic steroid medication used in veterinary medicine to increase the profitability of livestock by promoting muscle growth in cattle. It is given by injection into muscle. Trenbolone acetate is a modified form of nandrolone, and it is a short-lasting prodrug of trenbolone in the body. In addition to its veterinary use, trenbolone acetate is used to improve physique and performance, and is purchased from black market suppliers. The drug is a controlled substance in many countries and so non-veterinary use is generally illicit. Trenbolone (acetate and enanthate) remains one of the most powerful performance-enhancing drugs for muscle growth. It is classified as a selective-androgen receptor modulator (SARM), albeit steroidal, due to its tissue-specific actions and lack of 5-alpha reductase (5-AR) activity. Long-term effects of these agents can be observed in the cardiovascular system, mental health, and increasing the risk of neoplasm. Trenbolone acetate is also used in the United States to promote growth of beef cattle, and its metabolites can be found in androgenic runoff from a beef feedlot. Trenbolone acetate is regulated as a controlled substance in many countries.