Car tuning is the modification of a car to optimize it for a different set of performance requirements from those it was originally designed to meet. The goal of tuning is to improve a vehicles overall performance in response to the users needs, such as higher engine performance, better fuel economy, or smoother response. Tuning can be done at the expense of emissions performance, component reliability, and occupant comfort. There are four basic categories of tuning and customizing vehicles: engine tuning, suspension tuning, body tuning, and interior tuning.
Engine tuning is the process of modifying the operating characteristics of an engine. This can involve various mechanical and electronic elements such as the intake manifold, spark plugs, and mass air flow sensor. Modern engines employ the use of an engine control unit to provide the best balance between performance and emissions. Via the OBD communications protocol, electronically controlled aspects of the engine can be modified in a process known as mapping.
Suspension tuning involves the modification of suspension components to enhance the cars handling and appearance. Lowering the cars ride height, adjusting the stiffness of the springs and dampers, and installing larger anti-roll bars are some examples of suspension tuning.
Body tuning involves cosmetic and stylistic changes owners make to personalize their vehicles. These changes can range from functional modifications designed to improve the performance or functionality of the car, to visual modifications which alter the aesthetics of the car.
Interior tuning involves modifying the interior of the car to improve comfort, convenience, and aesthetics. This can include installing new seats, steering wheels, shift knobs, and audio systems.
In essence, tuning means improving the performance of a car that came down from a production line in the very same configuration as millions of units before (and after) it. Tuning can be a demanding and expensive hobby, and it is important to be cautious and make sure to collect all the necessary information about the qualifications and experience of the person you plan to entrust with the task.
