what is uppercase and lowercase

Uppercase and lowercase refer to the two forms of letters in the English alphabet. Uppercase letters, also known as capital letters, are larger and are used to start sentences, as well as the initial letter of a proper noun or an abbreviation. Lowercase letters are smaller and are used for the majority of text, including common nouns and internal words. The terms "upper case" and "lower case" originated from the common layouts of the shallow drawers called type cases used to hold the movable type for letterpress printing. The uppercase is primarily reserved for special purposes, such as the first letter of a sentence or of a proper noun, which makes the lowercase the more common variant in regular text.