A WBC count, or white blood cell count, is a blood test that measures the number of white blood cells (WBCs) in the blood. White blood cells, also known as leukocytes, are an essential part of the immune system and play a crucial role in fighting infections, allergic reactions, and inflammation. The test is typically performed as part of a complete blood count (CBC) and can help diagnose conditions such as infections, allergic reactions, inflammation, and blood cancers like leukemia or lymphoma.
The normal range for WBC count is between 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter of blood, although this range may vary slightly among different labs. A low WBC count, known as leukopenia, may indicate conditions such as infections, drug side effects, autoimmune disorders, or genetic traits. On the other hand, a high WBC count, known as leukocytosis, may be caused by factors like infections, inflammatory diseases, certain medications, or even pregnancy.
The WBC count is often used in conjunction with other tests, such as a blood differential, to provide a more detailed analysis of the different types of white blood cells present in the blood. This additional information can help healthcare providers narrow down the underlying cause of abnormal WBC counts and guide further diagnostic investigations.
