For a tooth infection, the most commonly prescribed antibiotics are from the penicillin class, particularly amoxicillin , which is often the first choice due to its effectiveness and relatively mild side effects
Common antibiotics used for tooth infections include:
- Amoxicillin : Typically prescribed as 500 mg three times daily for 3 to 7 days
- Penicillin : Another option if not allergic, usually 500 mg four times daily for 3 to 7 days
- Metronidazole : Often combined with penicillin or amoxicillin to cover a broader range of bacteria
- Clindamycin : Used if the patient has a penicillin allergy; dosage is typically 300 mg four times daily for 3 to 7 days
- Azithromycin : Alternative for severe penicillin allergies, with a loading dose of 500 mg on day 1 followed by 250 mg for 4 days
When antibiotics are used:
- If the infection is severe or spreading beyond the tooth area.
- If the patient has a weakened immune system.
- In conjunction with dental procedures like drainage, root canal, or tooth extraction, since antibiotics alone do not cure the infection
Important notes:
- Antibiotics should be taken exactly as prescribed until the full course is completed to prevent recurrence or resistance
- Not all tooth infections require antibiotics; some can be managed by dental procedures alone
- For complicated infections such as deep neck infections, intravenous antibiotics like amoxicillin-clavulanate may be required in a hospital setting
In summary, amoxicillin is the first-line antibiotic for tooth infections unless there is an allergy, in which case alternatives like clindamycin or azithromycin are used. Antibiotics are typically part of a broader treatment plan including dental intervention
