Egyptians primarily speak Arabic. The official language of Egypt is Modern Standard Arabic, which is used in formal writing, education, and official documents
. However, the most commonly spoken language in everyday life is Egyptian Arabic (also called Masri or Masry), a vernacular dialect based on the dialect of Cairo. Egyptian Arabic is the de facto national language and is widely understood across the Arab world due to Egypt's cultural influence in media and entertainment
. In addition to Egyptian Arabic, there are several minority languages spoken in Egypt, including Sa'idi Arabic in southern Egypt, Nubian languages like Nobiin near the Upper Nile, and the Siwi language spoken by Berber communities in the Siwa Oasis
. The Coptic language, derived from ancient Egyptian, is now mostly used as a liturgical language by the Coptic Christian community
. English and French are also commonly taught and spoken as second languages, especially among educated Egyptians
. In summary:
- Official language: Modern Standard Arabic
- Main spoken language: Egyptian Arabic (vernacular)
- Minority languages: Sa'idi Arabic, Nubian languages, Siwi, Coptic (liturgical)
- Common second languages: English and French
