The human brain consists primarily of water (about 73-80%), lipids (around 12%, mostly in myelin sheaths), proteins, carbohydrates, and various minerals and vitamins.
Key Components
Lipids form a major part, with high concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids like DHA, essential for cell membranes and neuronal function. Proteins support neurotransmitter production and signal transmission between neurons.
Essential Minerals and Vitamins
Minerals such as iron, magnesium, potassium, calcium, and vitamins including B1, B9 (folate), B12, D, and E are critical for nerve conduction, DNA repair, and protection against oxidative stress. Antioxidants like vitamin E and those in leafy greens help safeguard brain cells from damage.
Water and Energy Needs
Water makes up the bulk of the brain's composition, requiring steady hydration for optimal function, while the organ demands 20-30% of the body's energy intake despite comprising only 2% of body weight.
