If you have a toothache, here are clear steps to take and when to seek professional care. Immediate self-care for temporary relief
- Rinse with warm saltwater: Dissolve about 1/2 teaspoon of salt in 8 ounces of warm water, swish for 30 seconds, and spit out. Do this a few times a day to reduce irritation and help clean the area. This is not a cure, but it can ease mild pain and inflammation.
- Gently clean around the tooth: Brush and floss carefully to remove any food particles that might be aggravating the area. Do not scrub aggressively.
- Use a cold compress: Apply a cold pack or ice wrapped in a cloth to the cheek for 10–15 minutes at a time to reduce pain and swelling if present.
- Over-the-counter pain relief: Consider an appropriate dose of acetaminophen or ibuprofen (unless contraindicated for you). Do not place aspirin directly on the tooth or gum. Follow labeling instructions and consult a healthcare provider if you have conditions that affect dosing.
What to avoid
- Do not place aspirin directly on the gums or tooth; it does not relieve toothache and can burn tissue.
- Avoid very hot or very cold extremes if your tooth sensitivity is severe.
When to contact a dental professional
- If the toothache lasts more than 1–2 days despite home care, or if you have swelling that worsens, fever, trouble swallowing, a foul taste, or a persistent bad smell, seek urgent dental care. These can indicate infections or abscesses that require prompt treatment.
- If you have a traumatic injury (knocked-out tooth, a crack, or looseness), seek dental care promptly.
Common causes to discuss with your dentist
- Dental decay (cavities), gum disease, cracked or damaged teeth, exposed nerves, or dental abscesses can cause tooth pain. A professional exam, possibly including X-rays, is needed to determine the exact cause and appropriate treatment.
Home-remedy caveats
- Many home remedies may provide temporary relief (saltwater rinses, clove oil, tea bags, hydrogen peroxide rinses, etc.), but they do not treat the underlying cause. A dentist can diagnose and treat the root issue to prevent complications.
Next steps
- If you’re able, schedule a dentist visit as soon as possible to evaluate the cause and begin appropriate treatment. If there are systemic symptoms (fever, spreading swelling, or severe pain), seek urgent care.
If you’d like, share:
- Your age and any medical conditions or medications (to assess safe pain-relief options).
- Details about the symptoms (location, timing, activities that worsen or relieve it).
- Any recent dental work or trauma.
I can tailor guidance based on those details and help you prepare questions for your dentist.
