Blisters are small pockets of fluid that form on the skin, often due to friction, burns, or other types of injury. Here are some steps to take when dealing with blisters:
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Prevention: To prevent blisters, minimize areas where friction may occur by wearing properly fitting footwear, two pairs of socks, gloves, and padding the body in areas vulnerable to excess friction. Make sure your footwear is the appropriate size and shape for your foot. Shoes or clothing that are too small or tight may create blisters.
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Treatment: If you get a blister, the best treatment for small, unbroken blisters is to leave them alone. They will heal naturally on their own. However, if a blister breaks, it should be cleaned often with soap and warm water. Antibacterial soap, betadine, and hydrogen peroxide can all be used to clean the area. Be sure to leave the top layer of skin on to avoid infection and help speed the healing process. Blisters that break take slightly longer to heal, especially if the top layer of skin is missing. Large painful blisters can be drained and treated by a trained professional. Do not try to drain the blister without the consultation of a certified athletic trainer, physician, or dermatologist.
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Covering: Cover the blister with a dry, sterile dressing to protect it from infection until it heals. Hydrocolloid dressings, available over the counter from pharmacies, have been shown to help prevent discomfort and encourage healing. If the blister is on your foot, avoid wearing the shoes that caused it, at least until it heals. Blood blisters should be left to heal naturally. If a blood blister bursts, keep the area clean.
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Popping: Avoid popping or draining a blister, as this could lead to infection. However, if your blister is large and very painful, it may be necessary to drain the blister to reduce discomfort. To do this, sterilize a small needle using rubbing alcohol. Then, use the needle to carefully pierce one edge of the blister, which will allow some of the fluid to drain. Keep the area clean and covered. Once your blister has drained, wash the area with soap and water and apply petroleum jelly. Do not remove the “roof” of the blister, as this will protect the raw skin underneath as it heals. As your blister heals, watch for signs of an infection. If you notice any signs of infection, such as pus, fever, or redness, see a doctor.
