The capital of the Aztec Empire was Tenochtitlan. It was founded around 1325 on marshy islands in Lake Texcoco, in what is now Mexico City. By the late 15th century, it became the political, economic, and religious center of the Aztec Empire. At its peak around 1519, Tenochtitlan had an estimated population of about 400,000 people, making it one of the largest cities in the world at the time. The city was known for its impressive architecture, including pyramids, palaces such as Montezuma II's with 300 rooms, and numerous temples. It was connected to the mainland by causeways and sustained by an advanced system of canals and artificial islands called chinampas. The city was destroyed by Spanish conquistadors led by Hernán Cortés in 1521 and subsequently became the foundation for modern Mexico City.
