when did puerto rico become a territory

Puerto Rico became a territory of the United States in 1898 following the Spanish-American War. The island was ceded to the U.S. by Spain through the Treaty of Paris, signed in December 1898. After the cession, Puerto Rico initially came under U.S. military rule and then, in 1900, the Foraker Act was enacted by Congress to establish a civilian government, officially making Puerto Rico an unincorporated organized territory of the United States. Puerto Ricans were granted U.S. citizenship later in 1917 by the Jones-Shafroth Act. Puerto Rico's status evolved further in 1952, when it became a Commonwealth of the United States, allowing a degree of local self-governance but maintaining its territorial relationship with the U.S. federal government.