Preeclampsia is diagnosed when a pregnant woman develops high blood pressure (systolic ≥140 mmHg or diastolic ≥90 mmHg) after 20 weeks of pregnancy, along with signs of organ involvement such as protein in the urine (proteinuria) or other indicators of kidney, liver, or other organ impairment. This diagnosis typically occurs after the 20th week of gestation in women who previously had normal blood pressure. Additional diagnostic criteria may include:
- Proteinuria (excess protein in urine)
- Low blood platelet count
- Elevated liver enzymes
- Pulmonary edema (fluid in the lungs)
- New persistent headaches
- Vision disturbances
Routine antenatal visits monitor blood pressure and urine to help detect preeclampsia since symptoms might not be noticeable early on. Blood tests, urine analysis, fetal ultrasounds, and nonstress tests may also be conducted to confirm the diagnosis and assess the baby's condition. In summary, preeclampsia is diagnosed after 20 weeks of pregnancy based on elevated blood pressure and evidence of organ involvement, with diagnostic confirmation by various laboratory and clinical tests.
