The general recommendation is to schedule a colonoscopy starting at age 45 for people with average risk of colon cancer. For those with a family history of colon cancer or polyps, it is advised to start earlier—typically at age 40 or 10 years before the youngest diagnosis in the family, whichever comes first. People with certain medical conditions like Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis, familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), or Lynch syndrome may also need to begin screenings earlier.
When to Schedule a Colonoscopy by Risk Category:
- Average Risk: Start at age 45, repeat every 10 years.
- Family History of Colon Cancer or Polyps: Start at age 40 or 10 years before the youngest family diagnosis, repeat every 5 years.
- Personal History of Polyps: Colonoscopy within 5 years of discovery, frequency depends on polyp type and size.
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn's or Ulcerative Colitis): Start 8-15 years after diagnosis or by age 45, repeat every 1-3 years.
- Genetic Syndromes (FAP, Lynch Syndrome): Start screenings earlier as advised by a doctor.
Additional Recommendations:
- Anyone experiencing symptoms like blood in stool, unexplained weight loss, or ongoing abdominal pain should schedule a colonoscopy promptly regardless of age.
- Regular screenings are essential for early detection and prevention of colorectal cancer since it often shows no symptoms until late stages.
- Preparation for the procedure includes following dietary instructions and taking prescribed laxatives.
It is always best to consult with a healthcare provider for personalized recommendations based on family history, personal health, and symptoms.