The best times to spray fruit trees depend on the stage of the tree and the type of spray being used:
- Dormant stage (late winter to early spring) : Spray dormant oil before buds begin to break. This controls overwintering pests and some diseases. Do this on a dry, windless day when temperatures are above freezing, but before any green appears on the buds. This timing is usually in late winter or early spring before leaf buds open.
- Just before bud break : Use fungicide sprays to prevent fungal diseases like scab. Spray twice when temperatures are around 60°F (15°C), before leaves or buds fully open.
- Avoid spraying during full bloom : Spraying during full bloom can harm flowers and pollinators like bees. If absolutely necessary, limit to one or two sprays, but generally avoid spraying at this time.
- After petal fall through fruit development to harvest : This is a good time for insecticidal sprays to protect developing fruit from pests. For example, spraying for codling moth two weeks after petal fall and again in mid-summer can control generations of this pest.
Summary:
- Dormant oil spray: late winter/early spring before bud break
- Fungicide: just before bud break, before leaves open
- Avoid spraying during bloom
- Insecticide: after petal fall through to harvest for pest control
These timings help protect the tree effectively while minimizing harm to beneficial insects and the tree itself. Always check the label on sprays and adjust according to local climate and tree species. This schedule supports healthy growth and fruit production throughout the season.
