When treating a 3rd-degree burn, immediate medical attention is critical as these burns cause severe damage to skin and tissues. Basic initial steps include ensuring the airway is open and providing oxygen if necessary. Avoid self-treatment at home. At the hospital, treatment involves:
- Removing clothing not stuck to the burn and gently cleaning the burn area.
- Covering the burn with a sterile, non-adherent dressing or clean cloth to keep the area protected.
- Elevating the burned limbs to reduce swelling.
- Administering IV fluids to prevent shock and maintain hydration.
- Administering pain relief such as morphine.
- Assessing for deeper complications like restricted blood flow due to tight burn dressings (eschar) which may require surgical intervention.
- In severe cases, skin grafting and surgical wound care may be necessary.
- Continuous monitoring of vital signs and wound condition is essential.
Do not apply ice, butter, or ointments at home, and do not break blisters. The patient should be transported to an emergency facility promptly for specialized treatment.