The Mayflower Compact was written and signed aboard the Mayflower on November 11, 1620 (Old Style calendar), while the ship was anchored in Provincetown Harbor, Massachusetts. It was a brief document created to establish self- government and maintain order among the settlers as they prepared to establish Plymouth Colony. Forty-one adult male passengers signed the compact, which served as a social contract for governing the new colony until they could get formal permission for their settlement.