As of 2025, nine countries have nuclear weapons:
- Russia
- United States
- China
- France
- United Kingdom
- India
- Pakistan
- Israel
- North Korea
These nations together hold roughly 12,331 nuclear warheads, with Russia and the United States possessing the largest stockpiles by far. Israel and North Korea have smaller, less confirmed arsenals. Iran does not currently have nuclear weapons but enriches uranium near weapons-grade levels. The five original nuclear states (US, Russia, China, France, UK) are treaty signatories under the Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT), while India, Pakistan, Israel, and North Korea are not signatories or have withdrawn.
