which countries on both sides of the atlantic experienced revolutions during the late 18th and early 19th centuries?

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Nature

Countries on both sides of the Atlantic that experienced revolutions during the late 18th and early 19th centuries include:

  • In North America: The United States, which fought the American Revolution (1775–1783) leading to independence from Britain.
  • In Europe: France with the French Revolution starting in 1789; also uprisings in Spain, Portugal, Italy, Greece, and the Netherlands during this period.
  • In the Caribbean: Haiti experienced the Haitian Revolution beginning in 1791, a successful slave revolt that led to independence.
  • In Latin America: Various countries underwent independence wars from Spain and Portugal around 1810–1830, including Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Peru, and Mexico.
  • In the Balkans: Serbia had revolutions against the Ottoman Empire from 1804 to 1835, culminating in the creation of the modern Serbian state.

These revolutions were inspired by Enlightenment ideas emphasizing liberty, equality, and the end of absolutist monarchies, and interconnected through the broader Age of Revolution that reshaped governments on both sides of the Atlantic.