Non-volatile memory is a type of computer memory that retains stored data even when the power is turned off. Unlike volatile memory, which loses its contents when power is lost, non-volatile memory preserves information permanently until it is intentionally erased or overwritten.
Common Types of Non-Volatile Memory
- Read-Only Memory (ROM): Typically used to store firmware and boot software; its contents are permanent and not erased when the power is off.
- Flash Memory: Used in USB drives, SSDs, and memory cards; it retains data without power and allows data to be erased and rewritten.
- Magnetic Storage: Such as hard disk drives, where data is stored magnetically and remains even without power.
Characteristics
- Non-volatile memory is essential for long-term data storage.
- It is generally slower and has lower write endurance compared to volatile memory like RAM.
- Non-volatile memory is commonly used for firmware, system storage, and persistent data where data loss on power-off is unacceptable.
In summary, non-volatile memory is permanent storage memory that retains data without power. Examples include ROM, flash memory, and magnetic storage devices.
