The organelle known as the powerhouse of the cell is the mitochondrion. It is called the powerhouse because it produces most of the cell's energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through the process of cellular respiration. This energy production is essential for powering various cellular activities such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and biosynthesis. Mitochondria play a central role in breaking down nutrients and converting their energy into ATP, which is the major energy currency of the cell. Besides energy production, mitochondria also regulate cell death, store calcium, and participate in cellular signaling, making them vital for cellular health and function.
