The far right refers to a spectrum of political ideologies and movements characterized by ultraconservatism, authoritarianism, ultranationalism, radical anticommunism, and nativism. It sits at the extreme end of the political right and is marked by opposition to liberal democratic norms, promotion of exclusivist views, and often a belief in societal "purity" based on ethnic, national, or religious identity. Historically, far-right ideologies have included fascism and Nazism, and contemporary versions include neo- fascism, neo-Nazism, supremacism, chauvinism, xenophobia, and reactionary or theocratic beliefs. Key themes of the far right include:
- Advocacy for a homogeneous national or ethnic community, often opposing immigration and multiculturalism.
- Promotion of traditional social hierarchies and values.
- Anti-immigrant sentiments, welfare chauvinism (restricting welfare benefits to native members of society), and sometimes political violence.
- Rejection of globalism and supranational entities like the European Union.
- Populist anti-establishment rhetoric blaming political elites and promoting nationalist identity.
The far right differs by region, but generally, it appeals to those favoring strict cultural and ethnic separation, traditionalism, and strong authority, sometimes resorting to xenophobic, racist, or supremacist rhetoric. It has been linked historically and presently to oppression, violence, and exclusionary policies. In summary, the far right describes extreme right-wing movements opposing liberal democracy, promoting nationalism and exclusivism, with emphases on ethnic or cultural homogeneity and authoritarian governance.
