Methamphetamine (meth) was first synthesized in 1893 by Japanese chemist Nagai Nagayoshi, who created it by modifying ephedrine, a compound derived from the ephedra plant. In 1919, another Japanese chemist, Akira Ogata, improved the method for producing methamphetamine, making it easier to manufacture. Methamphetamine was then used medically and gained prominence during World War II, when it was supplied to soldiers to increase alertness and endurance. The drug's stimulative effects and later addictive potential became well known, leading to stricter regulations by the mid-20th century. The origins and early developments involve key figures such as Lazar Edeleanu (who first synthesized amphetamine in 1887), Nagai Nagayoshi, and Akira Ogata.