The steam engine was invented through a series of developments by multiple inventors over time:
- The first commercially used steam-powered device was a steam pump invented by Thomas Savery in 1698. His engine used steam pressure to raise water and was applied mainly to pump water out of mines
- Following Savery, Thomas Newcomen developed a more efficient steam engine around 1712. Newcomen's engine used a piston and was the first truly practical steam engine for pumping water from mines
- The most significant improvement came from James Watt in the late 18th century. Watt added a separate condenser to Newcomen's engine in 1765, greatly increasing efficiency and power. His innovations made steam engines more practical for widespread industrial use and helped drive the Industrial Revolution
In summary, Thomas Savery invented the first commercial steam engine, Thomas Newcomen created the first practical piston steam engine, and James Watt significantly improved its efficiency and usability.
