Jesus' biological father, according to Christian belief, is God. The Gospels of Matthew and Luke recount that Jesus was conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit in Mary, who was a virgin, and thus Jesus is considered the Son of God. Joseph, who was betrothed to Mary, is regarded as Jesus' earthly or legal father but not his biological father
. Joseph was a 1st-century Jewish man from Nazareth, a descendant of King David, who married Mary and raised Jesus as his own son. While Joseph is often called Jesus' father in the Gospels, this is understood in the sense of a foster or adoptive father rather than a biological one
. The New Testament genealogies trace Jesus' lineage through Joseph, linking him to King David, which fulfills messianic prophecies, but the conception itself is described as supernatural
. In summary:
- Jesus' biological father is God, conceived by the Holy Spirit.
- Joseph is Jesus' earthly, legal, and adoptive father who raised him.
- Joseph was a descendant of King David and husband to Mary.
This understanding is central to Christian doctrine regarding the virgin birth and Jesus' divine sonship
