The First Triumvirate was an informal alliance among three leading figures of late Roman Republican politics: Gaius Julius Caesar, Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus (Pompey the Great), and Marcus Licinius Crassus. It operated around 60 BCE to 53 BCE and was formed to consolidate power and overcome opposition in the Senate, effectively coordinating their efforts to push through their agendas despite constitutional obstacles. The arrangement was not an official or legal office or institution, but rather a private political partnership that helped each member advance their own ends until its collapse after Crassus’s death and Pompey’s eventual fallout with Caesar.
