The winner of the Peloponnesian War was Sparta. After a long and brutal conflict between Athens and Sparta and their respective allies (431–404 BC), the Spartan fleet, led by Lysander and supported by Persian subsidies, defeated Athens. This victory marked the end of the war and began a period of Spartan dominance over Greece. Athens lost control of its naval power, the Long Walls were torn down, and Athens was forced into Spartan dominance, effectively ending the Golden Age of Athens. However, this Spartan supremacy was relatively short-lived due to subsequent conflicts and the rise of Macedon.
