Bleeding when not on your period can happen for various reasons, often related to hormonal changes, underlying health conditions, or pregnancy-related issues. Common causes include:
- Hormonal imbalances, often linked to ovulation, contraceptive use, or conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) or thyroid problems.
- Use of hormonal contraceptives, especially during the first few months, which can cause breakthrough bleeding.
- Uterine issues such as fibroids, polyps, or adenomyosis.
- Pregnancy-related bleeding, including implantation bleeding or complications such as miscarriage or ectopic pregnancy.
- Infections, inflammation, or trauma to the reproductive organs.
- Stress, significant weight changes, or other systemic health issues.
It is important to seek medical advice if the bleeding is heavy, painful, occurs after intercourse, is accompanied by other symptoms like fever or vomiting, or if the woman is pregnant or menopausal, as these could indicate more serious conditions requiring prompt evaluation by a healthcare professional.