Dogs' eyes can appear red for several reasons, most commonly due to inflammation or irritation of the tissues around or inside the eye. The redness typically results from enlarged or inflamed blood vessels in parts such as the conjunctiva (the membrane covering the eyeball and eyelids) or the sclera (the white of the eye). Common causes of red eyes in dogs include:
- Allergies: Environmental allergens like pollen, dust, or dander can cause eye redness and itchiness.
- Conjunctivitis (pink eye): Inflammation of the conjunctiva caused by infections (bacterial, viral), allergies, or irritants.
- Eye injuries or foreign objects that scratch or irritate the eye.
- Dry eye syndrome (Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca): Reduced tear production leading to irritation and redness.
- Corneal ulcers or scratches on the eye surface.
- Breed susceptibility: Some breeds with prominent or large eyes (such as Bulldogs, Pugs, Shih Tzus) are more prone to red eyes.
- More serious conditions like uveitis (inflammation inside the eye), glaucoma (increased eye pressure), eyelid disorders, or tumors.
- Systemic infections or diseases affecting the eye secondarily.
If a dog's red eyes are accompanied by symptoms like squinting, excessive discharge, swelling, pain, or if the redness is persistent or severe, it is important to seek veterinary care promptly to diagnose the underlying cause and initiate appropriate treatment. Mild redness with no other symptoms may be related to minor allergies or environmental irritants but still warrants observation or veterinary advice if it persists. In summary, red eyes in dogs are typically caused by inflammation or irritation due to allergies, infections, injury, or breed-related issues, but can also indicate more serious eye diseases that require veterinary evaluation.
