Gum recession occurs when the gums pull back from the teeth, exposing the roots beneath. This can be caused by several factors including periodontal (gum) disease, aggressive tooth brushing, poor oral hygiene, genetic predisposition, hormonal changes, tobacco use, teeth grinding or clenching, crooked teeth, and dental trauma. It often starts with inflammation from plaque buildup leading to gum disease, which destroys gum tissue and bone that support teeth. Brushing too hard or using hard bristle toothbrushes can also wear gums down. Once gums recede, they do not grow back, so early detection and treatment is important to prevent further damage.
Some common causes in detail:
- Periodontal diseases from bacterial infections that damage the gums and bone.
- Brushing teeth too aggressively or incorrectly, causing enamel wear and gum injury.
- Inadequate dental care allowing plaque to turn into tartar, which irritates gums.
- Genetic susceptibility making some people more prone to gum recession.
- Hormonal changes in women that make gums more sensitive.
- Tobacco products increasing plaque and gum inflammation.
- Grinding or clenching putting excessive force on gums.
- Misaligned teeth causing uneven pressure on gums.
If gums are receding, it is advisable to visit a dentist to diagnose the cause and start appropriate treatment to prevent progression.
