why do dogs growl

Dogs growl as a natural form of communication with multiple meanings depending on context. They growl to express playfulness, to show pleasure or affection, as a warning when stressed, scared, or feeling threatened, and to assert possessiveness or territorial behavior. Growling can serve as a way to prevent conflict by signaling discomfort or the need for space before escalating to aggression. It can also indicate pain or frustration. Importantly, not all growling is negative or aggressive; for example, play growling happens when dogs are having fun and is usually accompanied by relaxed body language.