Nipple pain when touched can be caused by a variety of reasons, most of which are common and not serious. Here are some common causes:
- Friction and irritation: Tight clothing, poorly fitting bras, or repetitive motion such as running can cause irritation and soreness due to friction against the nipples. This is often called "jogger's nipple" and can sometimes cause bleeding or chapping.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal fluctuations related to menstruation, pregnancy, or breastfeeding can make nipples more sensitive and sore. For example, before a period or during pregnancy, estrogen and progesterone changes cause breast tissue to swell and become tender.
- Skin conditions and allergies: Dermatitis, eczema, or allergic reactions to soaps, laundry detergents, fabrics, or lotions can cause nipple pain accompanied by redness, itching, or rash.
- Infections: Bacterial, fungal, or yeast infections can cause nipple soreness, itchiness, and sometimes discharge.
- Trauma: Injury to the nipple from activities like sex or nipple piercings can cause pain and irritation.
- Rare but serious causes: Though uncommon, nipple pain can be a sign of breast cancer or Paget's disease of the breast, especially if accompanied by other symptoms such as lumps, nipple discharge (other than milk), changes in nipple shape, redness, scaling, or persistent severe pain.
If nipple pain is persistent, severe, or accompanied by other concerning symptoms like lumps, discharge, or skin changes, you should see a doctor for evaluation. For mild causes such as friction, using properly fitting clothing, nipple protectors, and topical treatments can help relieve pain. Overall, nipple tenderness to touch is often due to friction, hormonal changes, or minor irritation, but it’s important to monitor any additional symptoms for safety.
