NFL players use smelling salts primarily to achieve a quick burst of energy and heightened alertness. The ammonia gas released by smelling salts irritates the mucous membranes in the nose and lungs, triggering an inhalation reflex that increases breathing rate, heart rate, and adrenaline, effectively providing a mental jolt and momentary increase in focus. Players often use them before games or after hard hits to regain sharpness and "wake up" quickly on the field. However, there are safety concerns, including the risk that smelling salts may mask concussion symptoms, and the NFL has prohibited teams from supplying them, though players can still use their own.
How Smelling Salts Work
Smelling salts contain ammonium carbonate and release ammonia gas when broken open. The sharp odor causes irritation in the nasal and respiratory mucous membranes, which triggers the body’s fight-or-flight response, increasing alertness and adrenaline. This can provide athletes a quick surge of energy and mental sharpness during competition.
Why NFL Players Use Them
- To get "in the zone" or hyped before a game or drive.
- To wake up and regain focus after a hard hit during the game.
- To trigger a rapid physiological and mental arousal response that feels like a boost.
Safety and Regulations
- The NFL, following FDA warnings, restricts teams from distributing smelling salts due to safety concerns, including their potential to hide concussion symptoms.
- Players are not banned from using smelling salts themselves, only from receiving them from teams.
- Medical experts caution against regular or excessive use due to risks like respiratory irritation and masking serious injury signs.
Thus, smelling salts are used by NFL players for a fast, intense boost of alertness and energy, despite the associated risks and regulatory restrictions on team-provided supplies.
