why do we say the pledge of allegiance

We say the Pledge of Allegiance as a promise of loyalty to the United States. It was originally written in 1892 by Francis Bellamy to foster patriotism and a sense of commitment to the country and its core principles. Reciting the pledge helps individuals, especially students, express their allegiance to the flag and the republic it represents, reflecting values of unity, liberty, and justice. The pledge is often said at the start of school to instill respect for the nation and to honor the sacrifices made by those before us. The phrase "under God" was added later, in 1954, to emphasize the moral foundation of the country and to contrast against atheistic ideologies at the time.