why do you get mouth ulcers

Mouth ulcers occur due to various reasons, most commonly from minor injury such as accidentally biting the inside of the cheek or irritation from sharp teeth, braces, or rough fillings. Other causes include burns from hot food or drinks, irritation from certain mouthwashes, and sensitivity or allergic reactions. Nutritional deficiencies—particularly of vitamin B12, folate, and iron—can also lead to mouth ulcers. Additionally, infections (such as herpes simplex virus), medical conditions like Crohn’s disease or coeliac disease, hormonal changes, stress, and certain medications (e.g., NSAIDs, beta blockers) can cause or worsen ulcers. Genetics may play a role as well, with some families experiencing recurrent ulcers more frequently. Mouth ulcers are usually painful and can be aggravated by fatigue or illness, but most heal on their own within 1 to 2 weeks.