why does the pope change his name

The pope changes his name as a longstanding tradition that dates back to the early Middle Ages, with the first recorded instance being Pope John II in 533 CE. There is no formal doctrine requiring it, but the practice has become a symbolic gesture representing a new phase in the pope's life, akin to a "second birth" as the head of the Roman Catholic Church. This new name often has a specific purpose or meaning, selected to honor a particular saint or previous pope whose qualities or mission the new pope wishes to emulate or highlight. For example, Pope Francis chose his name in honor of St. Francis of Assisi, reflecting his dedication to the poor. The pope's chosen name is the first public decision he makes after his election and signals the direction or vision he intends to bring to his papacy. Over history, the tradition evolved so that most popes have adopted new names for both symbolic and practical reasons, including the avoidance of names with pagan origins in earlier centuries. The names "John," "Benedict," and "Gregory" are among the most frequently chosen papal names.