why does the sun appear reddish early in the morning

The sun appears reddish early in the morning due to a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering. In the morning, when the sun is near the horizon, its light has to travel a longer distance through Earth's atmosphere. During this journey, shorter wavelengths of light such as blue and violet are scattered away by air molecules and particles because they scatter more easily due to their shorter wavelength. The longer wavelengths such as red and orange, which scatter less, are the ones that reach the observer's eyes, making the sun appear reddish at sunrise. This effect is intensified by the denser atmosphere near Earth's surface at that time. Thus, the reddish appearance of the sun in the morning is mainly caused by the scattering of shorter wavelengths of light out of the direct path of sunlight, leaving the longer red wavelengths to dominate the visible light reaching the observer.