why is the government shutdown happening

The government shutdown happening in October 2025 is due to the failure of Congress and President Donald Trump’s administration to agree on a funding bill to keep the government operational. The shutdown is primarily caused by disagreements between Republicans and Democrats, particularly over healthcare funding. Democrats want to extend health care tax credits from the Affordable Care Act and reverse cuts to Medicaid, while Republicans want to implement spending cuts and reduce the size of federal government funding. Despite Republicans controlling Congress, they need Democratic votes in the Senate to reach the 60-vote threshold for passing the spending bill, which Democrats have withheld. This stalemate has led to the expiration of government funding at the end of September, with many government services facing suspension starting October 1, 2025, unless a deal is reached. Essential services like border security, emergency medical care, and air traffic control will continue, but many non-essential employees will be furloughed without pay until the funding impasse is resolved. This shutdown is notable for the Trump administration's willingness to allow parts of the government to remain closed and use it as an opportunity to reduce federal workforce and spending further.