A government shutdown in the United States happens when Congress fails to pass key funding bills to finance the government for the new fiscal year or a temporary funding extension. This leads to a lapse in appropriations, requiring the government to curtail many operations, furlough non-essential workers, and keep only essential services running. The current shutdown starting October 1, 2025, occurred because Republicans and Democrats could not agree on a spending bill, with Democrats opposing cuts to healthcare programs and budget reductions proposed by Republicans, and Republicans lacking enough votes to overcome a filibuster in the Senate. The shutdown affects federal employees, government services, and programs nationwide until a funding agreement is reached.
