why swiss guards at vatican

The Swiss Guards are at the Vatican primarily to serve as the Pope's personal bodyguards and protect the Apostolic Palace within Vatican City. This tradition began in 1506 when Pope Julius II established the Pontifical Swiss Guard by hiring Swiss mercenaries known for their military professionalism. The Swiss Guard remains one of the oldest military units in continuous operation, renowned for both ceremonial duties and modern protective roles, including counterterrorism and close protection of the Pope. Their historic role includes notable sacrifices, such as defending Pope Clement VII during the Sack of Rome in 1527. The Swiss Guards are exclusively Swiss Catholic males who meet specific criteria and are trained both in Switzerland and the Vatican. This unique guard continues due to tradition, their elite status, and the Vatican’s need for reliable protection distinct from Italy's military or police forces.