Anne Boleyn was executed on May 19, 1536, primarily because she was found guilty of high treason, adultery, incest (with her brother George Boleyn), and conspiring to kill King Henry VIII. However, modern historians largely believe she was innocent and likely framed as part of a political and personal scheme. Henry VIII wanted to rid himself of Anne because she failed to produce a male heir and had become a political obstacle, especially opposing the ambitions of Thomas Cromwell, the king’s chief minister. The charges against her were largely fabricated or exaggerated to justify her removal and execution. Anne's execution marked a dramatic fall for a queen who had once revolutionized England’s church and royal succession.