A high white blood cell (WBC) count, also called leukocytosis, can occur due to various causes. The most common reasons include:
- Infections (bacterial, viral, fungal, or parasitic)
- Reaction to medications, such as corticosteroids
- Bone marrow diseases or cancers like leukemia and lymphoma
- Immune system disorders, including autoimmune diseases and allergic reactions
- Physical or emotional stress, including intense exercise or trauma
- Smoking
- Inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis
- Pregnancy
- Tissue damage, burns, or surgery
Elevated WBCs reflect the body's response to stressors or invaders, as these cells play a key role in immune defense and healing processes. Some specific causes may include asthma, tuberculosis, sarcoidosis, and certain cancers. Different types of white blood cells may rise depending on the underlying cause. It is important to consult a healthcare provider for diagnosis and appropriate management if a high white blood cell count is detected.
