Exfoliating is the process of removing dead skin cells from the surface of the skin using a chemical, granular substance, or exfoliation tool. There are two main types of exfoliants: physical exfoliants and chemical exfoliants. Physical exfoliants are granular substances that act like micro scrubs to physically buff the skins surface to remove dead skin cell build-up. Examples of physical exfoliants include cleansing scrubs, body brushes, and loofahs. Chemical exfoliants use enzymes or acid-based solutions that dissolve the protein bonds between dead skin cells, enabling easy removal of dead skin cells. Examples of chemical exfoliants include alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and beta hydroxy acids (BHAs) .
Benefits of exfoliating include promoting skin regeneration, providing a deep cleanse of the skin barrier, and maximizing the absorption of all the beneficial ingredients needed for the skin. However, if performed incorrectly, physical exfoliation can sometimes irritate the skin and may result in transepidermal water loss. Chemical exfoliation can also irritate the skin if done incorrectly.
Materials used for physical exfoliation include cleansing scrubs, exfoliating mitts, dry brushes, loofahs, pumice stones, and microneedling or micro derma rollers. The best exfoliating ingredients are gentle ingredients that softly exfoliate the skin without disrupting skin health. Examples of gentle exfoliating ingredients include glycolic acid, lactic acid, and salicylic acid.
In summary, exfoliating is the process of removing dead skin cells from the surface of the skin using either physical or chemical exfoliants. Physical exfoliants are granular substances that act like micro scrubs to physically buff the skins surface, while chemical exfoliants use enzymes or acid-based solutions that dissolve the protein bonds between dead skin cells. Exfoliating has benefits for promoting skin regeneration, providing a deep cleanse of the skin barrier, and maximizing the absorption of beneficial ingredients. However, it is important to use gentle exfoliating ingredients and to perform exfoliation correctly to avoid skin irritation.
