Dry spots on the scalp can be caused by a lack of hydration, harsh shampoos, frequent washing, or the use of drying ingredients like sulfates and synthetic fragrances. Its important to identify the cause of dry scalp to effectively treat it. Some ingredients to avoid in shampoos and conditioners that can contribute to dryness include sulfates, parabens, polyethylene glycols (PEG), phthalates, and formaldehyde. On the other hand, moisturizing shampoos with humectants like hyaluronic acid, honey, and scalp lotions with ingredients such as shea butter, hyaluronic acid, and glycerin can help hydrate the scalp. When looking for hair products, its advisable to choose sulfate-free formulas with mild surfactants and to avoid synthetic detergents, astringents, and strong exfoliants. Additionally, seeking advice from a dermatologist or trichologist can help identify the underlying cause of dry scalp and provide a suitable treatment plan.